Many GPU overlay programs cause this problem; usually, removing them is the best option. Click here for a full list of flagged programs.
Select OFF in the dropdown menu for Hardware acceleration inside the configuration window (refer to the image below) launched by using the RuneLite (configure) shortcut. For Windows, this can be quickly found by searching for it in the Start menu.

--mode=OFF can be passed to the launcher to disable HW acceleration directly. This needs to be used in conjunction with a batch file.
Example:start javaw -jar hydra-launcher-3.1.0.jar --mode=OFF
You can read more about client arguments here.
If disabling HWA didn't resolve your issue, try disabling the 'Anti Aliasing' option within the GPU plugin.